Abstract
Vertebral end plates cover the osseous vertebral body. The integrity of the cartilaginous
end plates is of great importance for the entire vertebral segment because the vascularized
end plate provides the nutrition for the avascular disk. Yet several pathologies may
occur at these end plates at the embryonic stage, in childhood to adolescence (e.g.,
ossification and segmentation disorders of the spine, persistent notochord, slippage
of the growth plate), as well as in the mature spine of an adult (degenerative disk
disease), that may impact the integrity of the cartilaginous end plate and therefore
lead to severe diseases of the spine. This article reviews specific congenital, developmental,
and degenerative disorders of the vertebral end plate as well as both established
and newly introduced imaging techniques, such as ultrashort echo time imaging based
on magnetic resonance imaging, that are suitable for imaging of the end plate.
Keywords
spine - vertebral end plate - intervertebral disk - magnetic resonance imaging
